Perfect Energy Transfer

The transferring of energy in machines, or batteries, is nowhere near perfect using todays technologies, but that could all change. Scientists working with quantum entanglement think they have found a way to transfer energy using "teleportation". They use the word teleportation because, through quantum entanglement of two atoms, the energy does not traverse space. By doing this, there would be no heat diffusion, and no loss of energy. However, some transferring is limited by the speed of light, so it does not break Einsteins theory of relativity. To do this you would need to first entangle two atoms. Entanglement basically means that the two atoms would share the same existence. What is done to one atom instantly happens to the other.

Fig-1 Visual representation of quantum transfer of data

Now, while I do not understand quantum physics, this is still intriguing and I tried my best to understand it. The scientists who came up with the theory seem to be taking advantage of certain occurrences in the quantum world. The energy put into one of the entangled pairs, like information, could be extracted from the other by conducting certain measurements that would be based on how they put it in. Energy in the quantum world fluctuates all the time, and the scientists want to take advantage of this to extract the energy from the second of the pair. This apparently does not violate any laws of conservation because the system does not end up with a net negative in the end.

Building on this new theory others have come up with ideas of building entangled batteries that would be able to transfer energy perfectly. These batteries could be used instead of lithium-ion batteries, and would be far superior. The only thing limiting them would be something called the thermodynamic limit, which is a state where the volume can still increase but the density of particles remains fixed. For now it's just a theory, but they have already teleported photons, atoms, and ions. Perfect energy transfer has not yet been accomplished by humanity, however, nature does it by using photosynthesis. Observations have been made of no loss of energy during transferring in photosynthesis, but how it is done cannot be explained. If this can be done, then the possibilities are endless. We may one day have space ships or satellites that have entangled sources of energy and can have a power plant stationed on earth with the energy being teleported to its location in space instantly.


Sources:
http://phys.org/news/2012-11-physicists-theorize-entangled-quantum-batteries.html
http://www.technologyreview.com/view/417362/physicist-discovers-how-to-teleport-energy/
http://arxiv.org/pdf/1002.0200v2.pdf